In the treatment of the spare parts such as lid of engine cylinder body, crock, of aperture of face of its fixed position, fixed position choose, clamping apparatus fixed position is sold, the technology such as the set that bearing face, clamp nods is very vital, a few machine tool manufacturer of foreign had had a lot of new breakthroughs and innovation in this respect. Lid of cylinder body, crock is engine 5 big medium important parts, machining precision to ask tall, technology is sophisticated is his the main characteristic in machining a process, and aperture of the fixed position face in treatment, fixed position, the fixed position of clamping apparatus is sold, dot of bearing face, clamp is whole spare parts the main component in machining a process, they are in the respective effect with rising main locally. The appearance of face of the dimension set that sells aperture, bearing the design of device of affirmatory, clamp its are reasonable was opposite the transportation of these casing spare partses, reach the designated position, clamp, leave the Cpk that reachs treatment size to be worth ability to assure to wait to having conclusive effect. Current, when manufacturer of foreign machine tool is designing the technology that casing spare parts machines, the as conventional as us technology on the design with clamping apparatus is chosen to differ somewhat in equipment, there all were new breakthrough and innovation in a lot of respects. Workpiece locates the face is in cutting treatment, the fixed position face of casing spare parts has two kinds: Cutting of spare parts of face of mould of semifinished product spare parts, semifinished product machines a face. Spare parts of casing semifinished product uses fusible pattern or arenaceous model mould commonly and into, the initiative fixed position of semifinished product is standard arrive model the mutual position size between antrum is stabler and exact. Machine fixed position face as workpiece with the mould face of semifinished product spare parts, when clamping apparatus uses side of right fixed position bearing, the measure with the relevant position standard to semifinished product measure of part drawing of general can contented product asks. When using semifinished product to locate, use more commonly restricted its to be spent freely at 6 o'clock. And after semifinished product passes initiative cutting, use commonly " at the same time two annul " will locate, face of its fixed position by an old plane or 2 4 strewn at random facet composition. Semifinished product cutting machines a face with strewn at random when small area forms surface of clamp fixed position, as a result of the limitation of spare parts appearance, fixed position face often cannot use an old plane (the two flank that are like cylinder body) , the bearing clamp when the change of on any account of the corresponding bearing face that clamping apparatus can use only when treatment will obtain treatment is balanced, the face on 5 faces, aperture machines the others of spare parts of casing of the treatment that finish content. Optimal work location is define an area with coming at 3 o'clock, but sometimes often dot of these 3 bearing can form a right-angled triangle, the good figure of very inaccessible isosceles triangle. Although have an old plane,the spare parts adds man-hour, dan Daping side located very hard at 3 o'clock certainly, face of the carapace end the oil of the cylinder body that be like steam, as a result of among it is bearing aperture belt, in clamp design build ideal very hard came at 3 o'clock bearing a face. Usually, after people perhaps can think to machine a face to want to use a planar milling cutter to machine only, its machine a face is a plane, but actually, because treatment is medium, the position of initiative, end of milling cutter is in the on any account that gets precision of the difference on force, main shaft, flexibility that processes data is out of shape presence is local difference, the flatness that machines a face and planar freely linearity all can have certain error. If locate with coming at 4 o'clock a face, when often can causing fixed position, have among them have space, namely " hard at 3 o'clock, a bit float " . In clamp process, the floating-point of clamp appears with diagonally form, a little while float of this the place is good and diagonally dot, a little while this nods float and diagonal is nodded hard, the partial size in causing treatment appears the change of different level. For this, manufacturer of foreign machine tool is at present by cylinder body planar (face of oily base case) when fixed position, rough machining is used located at 4 o'clock, because machine the public errand of dimension the value is relatively a few greater, dimension of common easy contented treatment asks; And finish machining is used located at 3 o'clock, the surface looks or located at 4 o'clock, have actually 2 o'clock is the clamping apparatus structure that adopts bridge-type another bit more affirmatory, achieve face of oily base case to all did not have clearance at 4 o'clock, make detect pressure achieves a requirement. The way of additionally one kind of orientation of thick, finish machining also is to located at 4 o'clock, but adoption means was at 3 o'clock hard, used auxiliary sustain the effect that will achieve fixed position old plane. In cutting treatment, still be same part, on same table equipment, use the cutting of mill bit body of same brand to machine, if the flatness of old plane is bad, each spare parts in often be being machined is same almost kind of condition, namely the high point of old plane is bit taller forever, low is low forever, and when bridge-type structure with the auxiliary bearing that prop up when the plane end its, the others machines the trend of dimension to also can achieve same trend, assure to machine the stability of dimension. The design of face of bearing of fixed position of side of bearing of clamping apparatus fixed position is reasonable, the clamp that affects a part directly and the result that measure data are accurate. At present manufacturer of foreign machine tool is on the face of fixed position bearing of equipment, by former and simple fixed position piece (mahjong piece) → locates a belt is stomatic test hole → locates piece turn cooling fluid into aperture by stomatic test hole, will achieve according to discharge and pressure detect as duplex as what rinse action (graph 1) improve a process, detect with this the function comes whether has spare parts of test and verify reached the designated position. The action preventing a fault before clamping apparatus clamp rises in machining a process and keep clear of the action cutting bits on fixed position piece, assure to machine a spare parts the dimension of face of relative fixed position is accurate and stable. Current on the area of bearing face by bigger (mahjong piece size) bearing face gradually the dimension that incline to controls at 12mm × 12mm or diametical 12mm, with the frequency of the existence that cut bits that when this reduces fixed position, goes up in bearing face. When locate with already machining a face, face of fixed position bearing is used commonly contain test hole (air hole or cooling fluid aperture) fixed position plane comes bearing fixed position. But when locating with face of semifinished product mould, the big circular arc that clamping apparatus locates bearing face appropriate chooses not to have test hole is spherical. With the pressure when clamp of semifinished product fixed position, the rough surface protruding of semifinished product dot extruding keeps balance, can reduce CMM so (3 coordinate) the error in measuring. If use,air hole detects or the bearing face of cooling fluid aperture, when semifinished product fixed position face gets when clamping apparatus clamp, with semifinished product face happening squashs all round the test hole on bearing face, and the small diameter plane of test hole position or face of primary coarse semifinished product. When CMM measures probe to get ready, once call the extruding position of bearing face hard, call test hole position probably directly. Often bring about CMM to measure data finally so hard the ability of effective treatment dimension of real report machine tool. When the crock that measures in some builds OP10 equipment to be checked and accept beforehand, workpiece locates with semifinished product face, because the bearing area structure of clamping apparatus is different, bring about those who measure an outcome is completely different. Contain the part that face of test hole bearing machines, the ability that its machine the relevant measure with content and standard semifinished product to satisfy treatment product hard asks. The form that changes bearing face is adopted after, on bearing face need not test hole, the spare parts that semifinished product face locates in face of clamping apparatus bearing the extruding with big then spherical circular arc falls, make measure in measure fiducial as fiducial as fixed position achieve coincide, the probe when CMM is measured gets ready obtain exact position. The technology that reachs the Cpk capacity that dimension machines related the spare parts completely finally through machining test and verify asks (if pursue 2, 3) . The fixed position aperture of the dimension casing spare parts of aperture of Nextpage work location, have carry craft of fixed position aperture, treatment to locate Kong He assembles fixed position aperture. Before two aperture remove workpiece to carry in treatment, the action that workpiece locates. The size of set of size of fixed position hole, the dimension that matters to casing spare parts directly machines precision, the on any account that places life of whether convenient, cutting tool to workpiece outfit is having relevant cause and effect etc. Engine casing kind of the spare parts carry use one side more commonly with treatment fixed position two annul will locate, this is way of the commonnest and pragmatic traditional fixed position. It can restrict 6 freedom of workpiece to spend, fixed position is stable and reliable. But rise ceaselessly as what engine makes a technology, the treatment precision of the product asks to raise the rate that reachs workpiece to be carried on private plane line to accelerate, produce a pair of afoul contradiction thereby: When the spare parts machines fixed position, it is good that the aperture of work location aperture cooperates clearance Yue Xiaoyue with what fixed position sells, and the spare parts is sold in fixed position of the pass in and out on private plane line workpiece is reached to assemble and unassemble in working station when carrying in the process, the measure that the dimension of fixed position aperture and fixed position sell cooperates clearance to go to the lavatory more greatly more, to carrying for carry lever to rise drop, fixed position of spare parts pass in and out is sold can achieve pass in and out to freely. Fixed position sells the dimension set bulk of aperture, each have advantages and disadvantages. Fixed position hole is large: A.
Workpiece carries working station, workpiece enters fixed position to sell convenient; B.
Workpiece leaves work fixed position is sold smooth; C.
Treatment reamer makes precision ask to drop; D.
The service life of reamer rises; E.
Sell the treatment related aperture with fixed position positional dimension change is big. Fixed position hole is small: A.
Workpiece is carried in with labour fixed position sells the position the demand is high, workpiece reachs the designated position not easily easily; B.
When workpiece leaves fixed position to sell turn over a crock easily; C.
Reamer production precision is tall; D.
Reamer service life is low; E.
With sell the treatment related aperture positional dimension precision is tall. If the treatment craft of engine cylinder body locates,the production dimension of aperture takes diametical 16+0 commonly.
021mm, the biggest 0.
The variation of the size that sell aperture of 021mm can satisfy all sorts of technology requirements in treatment commonly, but come up against special situation to also can cause other to not agree with newly requirement. At present the dimension selling aperture to casing spare parts designs abroad, have the example of enlarge. If some cylinder body is machined on private plane line, its machine fixed position to sell Kong Ji to carry fixed position aperture to all be same to aperture, its aperture dimension is diametical 16+0.
043mm, with common diametical 16+0.
021mm has apparent difference. The change of fixed position clamp sells Kong Kongjing's change, traditional clamp pattern is machined, the difference on precision of dimension of sure meeting occurrence treatment. In private plane the line is machined or CNC machining center is machined, former two aperture use two cutting tool commonly, two aperture use latter a cutting tool. CNC treatment, machine aperture of two fixed position with a cutting tool, its aperture is almost same, there are two apertures when fixed position between turn to an error, only peg cooperates what clearance causes to turn to an error with what sell aperture. And private plane treatment, on the choice of cutting tool, when wanting to satisfy treatment to ask only, exemple diameter 16+0.
043mm sells Kong Wei exemple, say from craft a cutting tool machines dimension to be diametical 16mm, does another cutting tool machine dimension to be? 16.
043mm, all belong to contented condition. But quantity of the biggest error is 0.
043mm, can arise between two aperture namely turn to an error. How to satisfy carry assemble and unassemble convenient, can you achieve treatment precision requirement again? At present manufacturer of machine tool of foreign much home is in finish machining the measure that adopts new clamp way to raise a part more machines precision. Wait like GROB of American INGERSOLL, Germany, in the clamp of finish machining clamping apparatus the dot is designed, besides the thrust of perpendicular direction, flank still increased a lateral pressure (if pursue 4) . So complete disappear sells the risk that hole size slants to machine dimension precision to drop to the spare parts greatly besides fixed position, and assured the precision of mutual position dimension between aperture of casing spare parts and Kong Zhi. Some cylinder body is the effect of fixed position clamp exemple, its the two pitch that sell aperture are 370 ± 0.
05mm, diametical 16+0.
The fixed position of 043mm sells aperture, cylinder sells dimension to be a diameter 15.
993 diameters 15.
988mm, when clamping apparatus does not have flank thrust, two sell aperture turn to error maximum to be: 39.
58 ″ . When using flank to increase a side pressure, from the graph 5, graph 6 knowable, means of two kinds of clamp has fixed position error, but turn to an error different. Without lateral clamping force, maximum may appear when fixed position turn to an error; And after using flank clamping force, when size of hole of two fixed position is same, change an error to almost 0. Nextpage and same with diametical 16+0.
The fixed position of 043mm sells Kong Wei exemple, when clamping apparatus uses flank thrust, if be machined on CNC, reamer is used same reamer, treatment aperture is almost equal, locate at this moment annul between Kong Zhi change an error to almost 0. Man-hour should be added on private plane line, reamer diameter uses the line on conjugate control to use, its differ a value to control in 0.
Inside 005mm, so two fixed position sell Kong Zhi between turn to error maximum to also have 2 only.
78 ″ . After increasing a side pressure from flank, the most effective is the flank clearance of a side that eliminated fixed position to sell aperture, disappear turns to an error mediumly besides treatment, raised the treatment precision of the spare parts. Flank is added clamping force and do not increase lateral pressure, its turn to an error, one kind is constant almost, it is the least value; Another kind is dynamic, likelihood occurrence maximum, it is possibly also 0. The Cp value of reason product is apparently different. The treatment precision that wants the treatment precision that assures private plane line and CNC is similar, need to had done the following two jobs: The line on conjugate of diameter of □ cutting tool, the control that need a value is in 0.
Inside 005mm; Assure the diametical size of two aperture; □ maintenance locates in exchange the conjugate when selling is moved together, assure the basic consistency of dimension. When workpiece clamp locates, use flank to add thrust, sell aperture in fixed position at this moment same size, or when size is larger, to the cutting treatment of product part, the dimension precision dispute that improves product treatment often designs train of thought well, practical and reliable. Fixed position sells the action that fixed position sells to remove pass in and out of fixed position, workpiece to direct namely. Casing spare parts is machined on CNC, when at present machine tool manufacturer is designing fixture, to reduce the runner shaft amount of clamping apparatus, below the premise that makes sure the dimension that machines a spare parts asks, use workpiece to locate on vertical plane. When jockey sends clamping apparatus to go up work, if locate selling is short fixed position,sell at this moment, so workpiece often is booked on clamping apparatus hard. Sell the via with the spare parts to be when fixed position when directing, machine tool manufacturer uses long fixed position to sell more (axis of a flight of stairs) with assuring workpiece locate beforehand. It assures to machine medium position result already, have work again book an action. Current, manufacturer of foreign machine tool, on the design that markets in fixed position, the train of thought that often uses accident band will control fixed position, in order to had reduced fixed position. Rotate in some labour many use long annul, sell in order to grow to rotating the special position result of the spare parts reduces the clamping apparatus in rotating to assist device. Fixed position sells another gain ground, locate namely sell use stoma to detect device (graph 7) , in machining a process, fixed position is sold broken when immediateness calls the police, rise to reduce the effect of reject. Spare parts of epilogue engine casing rises ceaselessly as the product technology of engine, the product machines the size control of the spare parts to also must rise accordingly, reason should achieve the treatment requirement of the product, the means of device of fixed position clamp of the spare parts also is innovating ceaselessly. Pass precision of fixed position clamp rise, achieve those who machine dimension precision to rise thereby. Use lowermost cost, achieve top demand, this is the purpose of clamping apparatus design in treatment of casing spare parts and tenet. CNC Milling